Twenty hybrids developed from crossing four cms lines and five testers were evaluated for the extent of heterosis over standard parent for yield, yield components and quality traits in rice during kharif, 20. Ir36 and ir42 yield 45 tha in wet season trials and 78 tha in dry season trials. Pdf on oct 20, 2018, balaji thorat and others published heterosis in rice. Heterosis, when a hybrid shows higher performance for a trait than both parents, offers an important strategy for crop breeding.
Heterosis and inheritance of fertilityrestorer genes in rice. Heterosis and combining ability effects were assessed in an 11parent diallel cross involving 8 scented dawag, bindli, n750, basmati 1a, basmati 372, karnal local, basmati 1 and basmati 405 and 3 nonscented pusa 4433, iet8585 and tni rice o. Exploitation of heterosis in crops has contributed greatly to improvement in. Combining ability and heterosis for yield and yield attributes in rice oryza sativa l. Heterosis refers to the superior performance of hybrids relative to the parents. This book is the most lavish and the most complete, ever published on the subject of that mo st versatile of all foods rice. Heterosis breeding is an important genetic tool that. Kr saravanan, d yogini, k vinothkumar and m prakash. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid gang zhou, ying chen, wen yao, chengjun zhang, weibo xie, jinping hua1, yongzhong xing, jinghua xiao, and qifa zhang2 national key laboratory of crop genetic improvement and national centre of plant gene research wuhan, huazhong agricultural university.
Line x tester analysis using a set of four females lines and ten males testers was carried out to estimate the heterobeltiosis for yield and its components in rice oryza sativa l. In fact, enhanced heterosis greater than 40% observed at irri in indicatropical japonica crosses encouraged us to develop cms lines in the genetic background of elite tj lines possessing wide compatibility wc genes. Pdf heterosis for yield and yield components in rice. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and its. Heterosis is the superiority of f 1 hybrids over their parents. Heterosis for grain yield and its component traits in rice r. Heterosis and combining ability in aromatic hybrid rice. Heterosis o vigor hibrido by luis alberto chaponan rodriguez. Studies on parental variability and heterosis in rice author. Since then, heterosis is a major concern for both biologists and breeders. Cytoplasmic male sterility and the fertility restoration system have been primarily used to develop heterotic rice hybrids in and outside china lin and yuan 1980 and virmani et al.
Hybrid rice heterosis and genetic diversity of irri and lao. Shanyou 63 is an elite indica rice hybrid that has been grown in a large area in the past 3. Although there have been a range of studies on various aspects of heterosis, the key to understanding the biological mechanisms of heterotic performance in crop hybrids is the genetic basis, much of which. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid gang zhou, ying chen, wen yao, chengjun zhang, weibo xie, jinping hua1, yongzhong xing, jinghua xiao, and qifa zhang2 national key laboratory of crop genetic improvement and national centre of plant gene research wuhan, huazhong agricultural university, wuhan 430070, china. Background heterosis describes the superior phenotypes observed in hybrids relative to their inbred parents. If you like rice, then do yourself a favor, buy this book and let the bliss begin. Heterosis for grain yield and its component traits in rice. Hybrid rice heterosis and genetic diversity of irri and.
Heterosis is prevalent for multiple traits in diverse maize. Insights into the genomic architecture of heterosis for grain yield in rice are presented, and further mapping of grain yield loci resolves candidate genes that could be useful for breeding. We thus attempted to merge the heterotic bins into clusters according to their physical. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid pnas. Transcriptomic analysis reveals overdominance playing a. China started hybrid rice research in 1964 and has been using it in commercial rice production since 1976. China started hybrid rice research in 1964 and has been using it.
Despite the successful agronomic exploitation of heterosis in several crops, especially hybrid rice and hybrid maize, the molecular mechanisms underlying crop heterosis. Combining ability and heterosis in maize zea mays l. Heterosis and combining ability analysis in cms hybrid rice. Filled with 284 of the worlds best recipes, this book is literally a. Fixation of heterosis heterosis and combining ability in soybean 29 asexual reproduction heterosis can be easily conserved in vegetatively propagated crops such as sugarcane, potato, sweet potato, banana etc. It was also observed that none of the hybrids showed significant positive heterosis over pusa rh 10 for elongation ratio as pusa rh 10 is a long slender basmati hybrid rice having more elongation ratio. Virmani ss, sun zx, mou tm, ali aj, mao cx 1997 two line hybrid rice breeding manual. To examine the genetic basis of heterosis for yield in rice, here we generate, sequence and record the phenotypes of 10,074. Aug 29, 2017 the phenomenon heterosis has been applied to rice breeding for improving grain yield since the early 1970s in china cheng et al. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid. Heterosis and agronomic performance of indica rice oryza sativa l. The extent of heterosis identified in our study is comparable to that from the research by zhang et al.
Research article implications of heterosis and combining. In egypt, hybrid rice performed well in saline conditions, where it yielded 35 percent more than inbred. Heterosis and combining ability in soybean 19 cont heterosis is the result prevention of expression of harmful recessives by their dominant alleles. The results of the relative midparent heterosis and modes of inheritance of all investigated traits demonstrated that additive effects were the foundation of heterosis for complex traits in a hierarchical structure, and multiplicative. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and its components in bread wheat triticum aestivum l. Heterosis was significant for grain yield and its component characters in most of. Distant heterosis is a promising genetic phenomenon to achieve the yield ceiling of hybrid rice. Shull 1952 coined the term heterosis and defined it as. Identification of interspecific grain yield heterosis between.
Estimation of heterosis and combining ability in tomato for. Studies conducted at the international rice research institute irri during 1980 and 1981 have shown up to 73% heterosis, 59% heterobeltiosis and 34% standard heterosis for yield in rice. Edwards heterosis is the foundation of modern maize breeding programs. Heterosis and combining ability studies in maize zea maysl. Nevame 1, efisue andrew 2, zhang sisong 3, samoura demba, huang feng, he wenchuang 1, xie guosheng, jin deming 1. Utilization of heterosis has contributed tremendously to the increased productivity in many crops for decades. Studies on heterosis and combining ability of bacterial leaf blight donors in rice. Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and quality traits in rice oryza sativa. Rice is a selfpollinating crop, even though strong heterosis is observed in their f 1 hybrids. Heterosis and combining ability for yield, its components. Feb 27, 2017 rice is one of the most important staple foods. For commercial utilization of heterosis in rice, effective male sterility and fertility.
Estimation of heterosis in wheat triticum aestivum l. Rice has also become an excellent model system in plant biology research for monocotyledon species because of its many advantages relative to other cereals. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice. Heterosis in f 1 rice hybrids article pdf available in acoustics, speech, and signal processing newsletter, ieee 24 january 2007 with 551 reads how we measure reads. Now a large research project coled by the chinese academy. Heterosis is the increase or decrease in vigour of hybrids when compared with that of its parents sharif et al. Fulltext studies on heterosis and combining ability of well known blast resistant rice genotypes with high yielding varieties of rice oryza sativa l. Abstract presence of substantial heterosis and economic hybrid seed. Methods the inbred lines from an association mapping panel were crossed to a common inbred line, b73, to generate nearly 300 hybrid genotypes. Pdf it is important to know the degree and direction of hybrid vigor for its. Heterosis is prevalent for multiple traits in diverse.
Ramanjini gowda department of plant biotechnology, university of agricultural sciences gkvk, bengaluru, karnataka, india article published on september 15, 2016. Combining ability analysis gca enables plant breeders to select. To examine the genetic basis of heterosis for yield in rice, here we generate, sequence and record the phenotypes of 10,074 f2 lines from 17 representative hybrid rice crosses. Identification of interspecific grain yield heterosis. Study on combining ability, heterosis and genetic parameters. Genomic architecture of heterosis for yield traits in rice. Heterosis and inheritance of fertilityrestorer genes in rice jakkrit seesang, prapa sripichitt, tanee sreewongchai department of agronomy, faculty of agriculture, kasetsart university, bangkok 10900 thailand corresponding author, email. Sep 25, 2012 heterosis refers to the superior performance of hybrids relative to the parents. Combining ability studies for yield and quality traits in aromatic genotypes of rice. Combining ability is a measure for selecting elite parents that make the highest contributions to hybrid performance. After maize hybrid was first utilized in field on a large scale in usa in 1930s, heterosis of other crops such as rice, sorghum, rape, and vegetable etc began to be widely used in production, and had made great achievements in crop breeding by the end of last century, mainly contributed to notable increasing of crop yield.
Heterosis and combining ability studies in maize zea mays l. In addition to being an economically combining ability analysis is one of the powerful tools. In this study, a small testcrossed rice population was constructed to investigate. Heterosis and combining ability in a diallel cross of rice. Combining ability and heterosis over environments for yield and. Pdf combining ability and heterosis in rice oryza sativa l. Despite its importance in maize production, we know surprisingly little about the genetic basis of heterosis.
Studies on heterosis and combining ability of well known. To breed an ideal cross with the highest grain yield and great stress resistance is the ultimate goal of hybrid rice breeders. Combining ability and heterosis for yield and yield. Therefore, increasing its productivity is of high importance in breeding programs.
Studies on parental variability and heterosis in rice. Heterosis breeding is the one of the strongest tool for breeder to complete targated demand of 2030 as rice is self pollinated species male sterility is essential for hybrid rice production. Dissecting combining ability effect in a rice nciiiii population provides insights into heterosis in indicajaponica cross hao zhou, duo xia, jing zeng, gonghao jiang and yuqing he abstract background. Heterosis is defined as the percentage of hybrid over the parental mean and generally high heterosis values are desirable for grain yield in maize. Heterosis or hybrid vigour in the first generation f 1 seeds, obtained by crossing genetically distant breeding lines, is well known in crop breeding shull, 1952. Research article implications of heterosis and combining ability among productive single cross hybrids in tomato l. Ranga agricultural university, agricultural research station, kampasagar, babu sai pet post, thripuraram mandal, nalgonda dist pin 508 207, andhra pradesh. Estimation of heterosis and combining ability in tomato. The effect of environment on combining ability and heterosis in hybrid rice 1bhadru d. By combining our finding of multiplicative interactions of component traits on. Research note exploitation of heterosis in rice oryza. Rice has also become an excellent model system in plant biology research for monocotyledon species because of its many advantages relative to other cereals 12. Rice provides a good model crop for heterosis studies.
Hierarchical additive effects on heterosis in rice oryza. Four crosses out of twenty crosses exhibited highly significant standard heterosis for. Heterosis was significant for grain yield and its component characters in most of the hybrids. All content in this area was uploaded by bal krishna joshi on jul, 2017. Studies have shown that the exploitation of heterosis has the potential to overcome the yield plateau in wheat. Hybrid rice exploits the phenomenon of hetrosis which can increase the yield potential over hyvs.
Ismail agronomy department, faculty of agriculture, fayoum university, 63514fayoum, egypt corresponding author abstract introduction wheat triticum aestivum l. Leenakumari2, vijayaraghavakumar3 and swapna alex4 1department of plant breeding and genetics, college of agriculture, vellayani kerala agricultural university, thrissur, kerala, india 2registrar, kerala agricultural university, thrissur, kerala, india. Sep 29, 2016 heterosis, when a hybrid shows higher performance for a trait than both parents, offers an important strategy for crop breeding. Combining ability for growth parameter and yield components were evaluated in a 7. Ranga agricultural university, agricultural research station, kampasagar, babu sai pet post, thripuraram mandal, nalgonda dist. Exploitation of heterosis for yield and its components in rice. Identification of interspecific grain yield heterosis between two cultivated rice species oryza sativa l. Combining ability and heterosis in rice oryza sativa l. Patil abstract ten tomato commercial and productive single cross hybrids extensively grown in northern transitional zone of karnataka. Rice is the staple food crop currently feeding over half of the worlds population. The latter was estimated in comparison to commercial varieties.
The study suggests that the obtained hybrids surpassed their. Introduction rice is one of the most important crop plants in the world and is the main nutritional staple food for approximately 40% of the worlds population. Maize, heterosis, combining ability, gene action, yield maize zea mays l. Combining ability and heterosis for yield and component. Cultivars article pdf available in journal of agricultural science and technology 122 march 2010 with 854 reads how we measure reads. Combining ability analysis for yield and grain quality traits was carried out in rice through line x tester analysis. Thirty two hybrids were evolved by crossing 8 lines with 4. Apomixis the fixation of heterosis by apomixis is common in citrus fruits, blackberries, roses, bluegrasses and many other flowering plants. Dissecting combining ability effect in a rice nciiiii. Combining ability is a measure for selecting elite parents that. Plant breeders often cross different types of rice to produce hybrids with increased yields and other advantageous traits. Now a large research project coled by the chinese academy of agricultural sciences has dissected the genetic architecture underpinning this hybrid success.
The phenomenon heterosis has been applied to rice breeding for improving grain yield since the early 1970s in china cheng et al. Research article the effect of environment on combining. Ramanjini gowda department of plant biotechnology, university of agricultural sciences gkvk, bengaluru, karnataka, india article published on. Maize is a model system for studying heterosis due to the high levels of yield heterosis and commercial use of hybrids. Similarly, inbreeding depression is a result of the homozygosity of recessive alleles, which have harmful effects. Manipulation of heterosis is an important strategy for increasing the yield potential of wheat rauf et al. Hybrid rice technology exploits the phenomenon of hybrid vigor heterosis to increase the yield potential of rice varieties with reported yield advantage of 1520% over inbred commercial highyielding varieties hyvs. Rice provides a good model crop for heterosis studies rice is the staple food crop currently feeding over half of the worlds population.
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